Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology
Volume 21, Issue 5 , Pages 929-942 , October 2007

Economic consequences of established rheumatoid arthritis and its treatment

  • Arthur Kavanaugh, MD (Director, Center for Innovative Therapy and Professor of Medicine, University of California, USA)

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationTel.: +1 858 657 7044; Fax: +1 858 657 7045.

References 

  1. Pincus T, Kavanaugh A, Sokka T. Benefit/risk of therapies for rheumatoid arthritis: underestimation of the ‘side effects’ or risks of RA leads to underestimation of the benefit/risk of therapies. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. 2004;22(supplement 35):S2–S11
  2. Weinblatt ME, Kremer JM, Bankhurst AD, et al. A trial of etanercept, a recombinant tumor necrosis factor receptor:Fc fusion protein, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving methotrexate. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1999;340:253–259
  3. Maini R, St Clair EW, Breedveld F, et al. Infliximab (chimeric anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody) versus placebo in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving concomitant methotrexate: a randomised phase III trial. ATTRACT Study Group. Lancet. 1999;354:1932–1939
  4. Lipsky PE, van der Heijde DM, St Clair EW, et al. Infliximab and methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2000;343:1594–1602
  5. Genovese MC, Bathon JM, Martin RW, et al. Etanercept versus methotrexate in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: two-year radiographic and clinical outcomes. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2002;46:1443–1450
  6. van de Putte LB, Rau R, Breedveld FC, et al. Efficacy and safety of the fully human anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody adalimumab (D2E7) in DMARD refractory patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a 12 week, phase II study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2003;62:1168–1177
  7. Weinblatt ME, Keystone EC, Furst DE, et al. Adalimumab, a fully human anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in patients taking concomitant methotrexate: the ARMADA trial. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2003;48:35–45
  8. Maini RN, Breedveld FC, Kalden JR, et al. Sustained improvement over two years in physical function, structural damage, and signs and symptoms among patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with infliximab and methotrexate. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2004;50:1051–1065
  9. Klareskog L, van der Heijde D, de Jager JP, et al. Therapeutic effect of the combination of etanercept and methotrexate compared with each treatment alone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: double-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;363:675–681
  10. Keystone E, Kavanaugh A, Sharp J, et al. Radiographic, clinical, and functional outcomes with adalimumab (a human anti-TNF alpha monoclonal antibody) in the treatment of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis on concomitant methotrexate theapy: a randomized, controlled, 52 week-trial. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2004;50:1400–1411
  11. Kavanaugh A, Cohen S, Cush J. The evolving use of TNF inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis. The Journal of Rheumatology. 2004;31:1881–1884
  12. Wong J. Cost-effectiveness of anti-tumor necrosis factor agents. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. 2005;22(supplement 35):S65–S70
  13. Lambert CM. Medical therapy for rheumatoid arthritis—value for money?. Rheumatology. 2001;40:961–964
  14. Hurst NP, Forbes J. Does economic evaluation have anything to offer the rheumatologist?. Rheumatology. 1999;38:2–5
  15. Ruff B. OMERACT: Economic evaluations and health policy. The Journal of Rheumatology. 1999;26:2076–2077
  16. Gabriel S, Tugwell P, O'Brien B, et al. Report of the OMERACT Task Force on Economic Evaluation. Outcome Measures in Rheumatology. The Journal of Rheumatology. 1999;26:203–206
  17. Solomon D, Maetzel A. Pharmacoeconomics of prescribing for rheumatoid arthritis. International Journal of Advances in Rheumatology. 2004;2:91–96
  18. Weisman M, Gano A, Gabriel S, et al. Reading and interpreting economic evaluations in rheumatoid arthritis: an assessment of selected instruments for critical appraisal. The Journal of Rheumatology. 2003;30:1739–1747
  19. Wolfe F, Michaud K, Pincus T. Do rheumatology cost-effectiveness analyses make sense?. Rheumatology. 2004;43:4–6
  20. Maetzel A. Cost-effectiveness analysis: out of touch with clinical reality?. Arthritis and Rheumatism (Arthritis Care and Research). 2005;53:3–4
  21. Verstappen SMM, Boonen A, Verkleij H, et al. Productivity costs among patients with rheumatoid arthritis: The influence of methods and sources to value loss of productivity. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2005;64:1754–1760
  22. Rat A-C, Boissier M-C. Rheumatoid arthritis: direct and indirect costs. Joint Bone Spine. 2004;71:518–524
  23. Tan MC, Regier DA, Esdaile JM, et al. Health economic evaluation: a primer for the practicing rheumatologist. Arthritis and Rheumatism (Arthritis Care and Research). 2006;55:648–656
  24. Gabriel SE, Crowson CS, O'Fallon WM. Mortality in rheumatoid arthritis: have we made an impact in 4 decades?. The Journal of Rheumatology. 1999;26:2529–2533
  25. Pincus T, Sokka T, Wolfe F. Premature mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: evolving concepts. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2001;44:1234–1236
  26. Gabriel SE, Crowson CS, Kremers HM, et al. Survival in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based analysis of trends over 40 years. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2003;48:54–58
  27. Pincus T, Brooks RH, Callahan LF. Prediction of long-term mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis according to simple questionnaire and joint count measures. Annals of Internal Medicine. 1994;120:26–34
  28. Jantti J, Aho K, Kaarela K, Kautiainen H. Work disability in an inception cohort of patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis: a 20 year study. Rheumatology. 1999;38:1138–1141
  29. Fex E, Larsson BM, Nived K, Eberhardt K. Effect of rheumatoid arthritis on work status and social and leisure time activities in patients followed 8 years from onset. The Journal of Rheumatology. 1998;25:44–50
  30. Zink A, Braun J, Listing J, Wollenhaupt J. Disability and handicap in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis-results from the German Rheumatological Database. The Journal of Rheumatology. 2000;27:613–622
  31. Sokka T, Krishnan E, Hakkinen A, Hannonen P. Functional disability in rheumatoid arthritis patients compared with a community population in Finland. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2003;48:59–63
  32. Wiles NJ, Scott DG, Barrett EM, et al. Benchmarking: the five year outcome of rheumatoid arthritis assessed using a pain score, the Health Assessment Questionnaire, and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) in a community and a clinic based sample. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2001;60:956–961
  33. Verstappen SMM, Bijlsma JWJ, Verkleij H, et al. Overview of work disability in rheumatoid arthritis patients as observed in crossectional and longitudinal surveys. Arthritis and Rheumatism (Arthritis Care and Research). 2004;51:488–497
  34. Birrell FN, Hassell AB, Jones PW, Dawes PT. How does the short form 36 health questionnaire (SF-36) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) relate to RA outcome measures and SF-36 population values? A cross-sectional study. Clinical Rheumatology. 2000;19:195–199
  35. Wolfe F. The prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis: assessment of disease activity and disease severity in the clinic. The American Journal of Medicine. 1997;103:12S–18S
  36. Gabriel SE, Crowson CS, Campion ME, O'Fallon WM. Indirect and nonmedical costs among people with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis compared with nonarthritic controls. The Journal of Rheumatology. 1997;24:43–48
  37. Lajas C, Abasolo L, Bellajdel B, et al. Costs and predictors of costs in rheumatoid arthritis: a prevalence based study. Arthritis and Rheumatism (Arthritis Care and Research). 2003;49:64–70
  38. Dunlop D, Manheim L, Yelin E, et al. The costs of arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism (Arthritis Care and Research). 2003;49:101–113
  39. Huscher D, Merkesdal S, Thiele K, et al. Cost of illness in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus in Germany. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2006;65:1175–1183
  40. Cooper NJ. Economic burden of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. Rheumatology. 2000;39:28–33
  41. Yelin E, Wanke LA. An assessment of the annual and long-term direct costs of rheumatoid arthritis: the impact of poor function and functional decline. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1999;42:1209–1218
  42. Fries JF. Safety, cost and effectiveness issues with disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 1999;58:I86–I89
  43. Kobelt G, Eberhardt K, Jonsson L, Jonsson B. Economic consequences of the progression of rheumatoid arthritis in Sweden. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1999;42:347–356
  44. Kobelt G, Jonsson L, Lindgren P, et al. Modeling the progression of rheumatoid arthritis: a two-country model to estimate costs and consequences of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2002;46:2310–2319
  45. Michaud K, Messer J, Choi H, Wolfe F. Direct medical costs and their predictors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a three-year study of 7,527 patients. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2003;48:2750–2762
  46. Guillemin F. The value of utility: assumptions underlying preferences and quality adjusted life years. The Journal of Rheumatology. 1999;26:1861–1863
  47. Wong JB, Singh G, Kavanaugh A. Estimating the cost-effectiveness of 54 weeks of infliximab for rheumatoid arthritis. The American Journal of Medicine. 2002;113:400–408
  48. Kobelt G, Jonsson L, Young A, Eberhardt K. The cost-effectiveness of infliximab (Remicade) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Sweden and the United Kingdom based on the ATTRACT study. Rheumatology. 2003;42:326–335
  49. Kobelt G, Eberhardt K, Geborek P. TNF inhibitors in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in clinical practice: costs and outcomes in a follow up study of patients with RA treated with etanercept or infliximab in southern Sweden. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2004;63:4–10
  50. Brennan A, Bansback N, Reynolds A, Conway P. Modelling the cost-effectiveness of etanercept in adults with rheumatoid arthritis in the UK. Rheumatology. 2004;43:62–72
  51. Kavanaugh A, Han C, Bala M. Functional status and radiographic joint damage are associated with health economic outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The Journal of Rheumatology. 2004;31:849–855
  52. Yelin E, Trupin L, Katz P, et al. Association between etanercept use and employment outcomes among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2003;48:3046–3054
  53. Bansback NJ, Brennan A, Sengupta N, Pang F. The cost effectiveness of adalimumab (HUMIRA) in UK patients with moderate to severe RA [Abstract]. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2004;63(supplement 1):512–513
  54. Bansback NJ, Brennan A, Sengupta N. The cost effectiveness of adalimumab (HUMIRA) in patients with RA: a Finnish analysis [Abstract]. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2004;63(supplement 1):513–514
  55. Choi HK, Seeger JD, Kuntz KM. A cost-effectiveness analysis of treatment options for patients with methotrexate-resistant rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2000;43:2316–2327
  56. Kavanaugh A, Heudebert G, Cush J, Jain R. Cost evaluation of novel therapeutics in rheumatoid arthritis (CENTRA): a decision analysis model. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1996;25:297–307
  57. Hallert E, Husberg M, Jonsson D, Skogh T. Rheumatoid arthritis is already expensive during the first year of disease. Rheumatology. 2004;43:1374–1382
  58. Quinn M, Conaghan P, O'Connor P, et al. Very early treatment with infliximab in addition to methotrexate in early, poor-prognosis rheumatoid arthritis reduces magnetic resonance imaging evidence of synovitis and damage, with sustained benefit after infliximab withdrawal. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2005;52:27–35
  59. Kavanaugh A, Krueger G, Yan S, et al. Effect of infliximab therapy on employment, time lost from work, and productivity in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2004;50(supplement):S318
  60. Kobelt G, Sandlin-Sobocki P, Brophy S, et al. The burden of ankylosing spondylitis and the cost-effectiveness of treament with infliximab. Rheumatology. 2004;43:1158–1166
  61. Jonietz E. Generic biotech. Technology Review. 2004;107:54–58
  62. Bozzette S. Routine screening for HIV infection – timely and cost effective. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2005;352:620–621
  63. Rothberg M, Rose D. Vaccination versus treatment of influenza in working adults: a cost-effectiveness analysis. The American Journal of Medicine. 2002;118:68–77
  64. Solomon D, Kuntz K. Should postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis who are starting corticosteroids treatment be screened for osteoporosis?. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2000;43:1967–1975

PII: S1521-6942(07)00061-7

doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2007.05.005

Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology
Volume 21, Issue 5 , Pages 929-942 , October 2007

Article Tools