Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology
Volume 23, Issue 2 , Pages 127-144 , April 2009

How to achieve and enhance professionalism in rheumatology

  • Anthony D. Woolf, BSc, MBBS, FRCP (Professor of Rheumatology)

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Duke of Cornwall Department of Rheumatology, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro TR1 3LJ, UK.

References 

  1. Doctors in society. Medical professionalism in a changing world. Report of a working party of the Royal College of Physicians of London. London: RCP; 2005;Available at URL: http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/pubs/books/docinsoc/docinsoc.pdf
  2. Potter P. Hippocrates, Volume VIII. London: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press; 1995;
  3. ABIM Foundation. American Board of Internal Medicine; ACP-ASIM Foundation. American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine; European Federation of Internal Medicine. Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physician charter. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136(3):243–246
  4. The Canadian Stakeholders Coalition on Medical Professionalism. http://www.cma.ca/index.cfm/ci_id/3300/la_id/1.htm2008;
  5. Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physicians' charter. Lancet. 2002;359(9305):520–522
  6. Blank L, Kimball H, McDonald W, Merino J. Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physician charter 15 months later. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138(10):839–841
  7. Jotkowitz AB, Glick S. The physician charter on medical professionalism: a Jewish ethical perspective. J Med Ethics. 2005;31(7):404–405
  8. Downie RS. Professions and professionalism. J Philosophy Educ. 1990;24:147–159
  9. Benatar SR. The meaning of professionalism in medicine. S Afr Med J. 1997;87(4):427–431
  10. Irvine D. The performance of doctors: the new professionalism. Lancet. 1999;353(9159):1174–1177
  11. Swick HM. Toward a normative definition of medical professionalism. Acad Med. 2000;75(6):612–616
  12. Surdyk PM, Lynch DC, Leach DC. Professionalism: identifying current themes. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2003;16(6):597–602
  13. Van De CK, Vernooij-Dassen MJ, Grol RP, Bottema BJ. How to conceptualize professionalism: a qualitative study. Med Teach. 2004;26(8):696–702
  14. Cruess SR, Cruess RL. Professionalism must be taught. BMJ. 1997;315(7123):1674–1677
  15. Giustini D. How Web 2.0 is changing medicine. BMJ. 2006;333(7582):1283–1284
  16. The Shipman Inquiry. Fifth Report - Safeguarding Patients: Lessons from the Past - Proposals for the Future. Command Paper Cm 6394, Published 9th December 2004. Available at URL: http://www.the-shipman-inquiry.org.uk/fifthreport.asp.
  17. Baker R. Placing principle before expediency: the Shipman Inquiry. Lancet. 2005;365(9463):919–921
  18. Learning from Bristol. The Report of the Public Inquiry into children's heart surgery at the Bristol Royal Infirmary 1984–1995. Available at URL: http://www.bristol-inquiry.org.uk/final_report/the_report.pdf2001;
  19. Lawrence C. Alder Hey: the taken for granted and professional practice. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2002;56(1):4–5
  20. Cross M. How the internet is changing health care. BMJ. 2008;337:a883
  21. Moynihan R. Who pays for the pizza? Redefining the relationships between doctors and drug companies. 2: Disentanglement. BMJ. 2003;326(7400):1193–1196
  22. Relman AS. Industry support of medical education. JAMA. 2008;300(9):1071–1073
  23. Wofsy D. Living in a different world. ACR Presidential address. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52:395–401
  24. Woolf AD. Healthcare services for those with musculoskeletal conditions: a rheumatology service. Recommendations of the European Union of Medical Specialists Section of Rheumatology/European Board of Rheumatology 2006. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66(3):293–301
  25. Health in the European Union. Special Eurobarometer 272e. Available at URL: http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_publication/eb_health_en.pdf2007;
  26. Jacobson L, Lindgren B. Vad kostar sjukdomarna?. (What are the costs of illness?) Sweden: Socialstyrelsen; 1996;
  27. Year Book of Health and Medical Care. Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare; 2001;Available at URL: http://www.socialstyrelsen.se/
  28. The International Classification of Functioning and Health (ICF). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2001;
  29. Woolf AD. The Bone and Joint Decade 2000–2010. Ann Rheum Dis. 2000;59(2):81–82
  30. Gaining Health. The European Strategy for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases. Report of the 56th Session of the WHO Europe Regional Committee for Europe, Copenhagen, 11–14 September 2006. Available at URL: http://www.euro.who.int/Document/RC56/edoc08.pdf
  31. European Action Towards Better Musculoskeletal Health. Lund, Sweden: Bone & Joint Decade; 2004;Available at URL: http://europa.eu.int/comm/health/ph_projects/2000/promotion/fp_promotion_2000_exs_15_en.pdf
  32. Dougados M, Betteridge N, Burmester GR, et al. EULAR standardised operating procedures for the elaboration, evaluation, dissemination, and implementation of recommendations endorsed by the EULAR standing committees. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004;63(9):1172–1176
  33. MacLean CH, Saag KG, Solomon DH, et al. Measuring quality in arthritis care: methods for developing the Arthritis Foundation's quality indicator set. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;51(2):193–202
  34. Woolf AD, Zeidler H, Haglund U, et al. Musculoskeletal pain in Europe: its impact and a comparison of population and medical perceptions of treatment in eight European countries. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004;63(4):342–347
  35. Akesson K, Dreinhofer KE, Woolf AD. Improved education in musculoskeletal conditions is necessary for all doctors. Bull World Health Organ. 2003;81(9):677–683
  36. Woolf AD, Walsh NE, Akesson K. Global core recommendations for a musculoskeletal undergraduate curriculum. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004;63(5):517–524
  37. Berwick DM. Medical associations: guilds or leaders?. BMJ. 1997;314(7094):1564–1565
  38. Coulter A. What do patients and the public want from primary care?. BMJ. 2005;331(7526):1199–1201
  39. General Medical Council (GMC) . Good Medical Practice. 2006;UK http://www.gmc-uk.org/guidance/good_medical_practice/index.asp
  40. Barnes C. The History of EULAR. 1947-2007. EULAR 2007 Kilchberg.
  41. Manifesto of people with arthritis and rheumatism in Europe. Available at URL: http://www.paremanifesto.org/
  42. The Musculoskeletal Services Framework. A Report by the Department of Health, UK. Available at URL: http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_41384132005;
  43. Woolf AD, Akesson K, Amin N, Shoebridge H. Improving patient care by involving people with arthritis as educators of primary care physicians: the revised Patient Partner Programme. European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR), Amsterdam, June 2006. Ann Rheum Dis. 2006;65(Suppl. 2):
  44. Da Silva JA, Faarvang KL, Bandilla K, Woolf AD. UEMS charter on the training of rheumatologists in Europe. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67(4):555–558
  45. UEMS Section of Rheumatology Charter on Continuing Education. Available at URL: http://www.eular.org/myUploadData/files/UEMS_Rheumatology_CME_Charter_2000.pdf2000;
  46. Medical students: professional behaviour and fitness to practice. A report by the GMC and MSC. London: General Medical Council and Medical Schools Council; 2007;Available at URL: http://www.gmc-uk.org/education/undergraduate/undergraduate_policy/professional_behaviour.asp
  47. European Rheumatology Curriculum Framework. Available at URL: http://www.dgrh.de/fileadmin/media/Qualitaetssicherung/european_curriculum_uems_april_2008.pdf2008;
  48. The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada . CanMEDS 2005 Framework. 2005;Available at URL: http://meds.queensu.ca/medicine/obgyn/pdf/CanMEDS2005.booklet.pdf
  49. Ros Levenson, Steve Dewar, Susan Shepherd. King's Fund. Understanding Doctors - Harnessing Professionalism. ISBN: 978 1 8571 7 568 4. Fiona Weston, editor. 2008. King's Fund. www.kingsfund.org.uk in association with the Royal College of Physicians www.rcplondon.ac.uk.
  50. Hilton S, Southgate L. Professionalism in medical education. Teaching and Teacher Education. 2007;23(3):265–279
  51. Stern DT, Frohna AZ, Gruppen LD. The prediction of professional behaviour. Med Educ. 2005;39(1):75–82
  52. Benbassat J, Baumal R. Uncertainties in the selection of applicants for medical school. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2007;12(4):509–521
  53. Cruess RL, Cruess SR. Teaching professionalism: general principles. Med Teach. 2006;28(3):205–208
  54. Coulehan J. Written role models in professionalism education. Med Humanit. 2007;33(2):106–107
  55. Paice E, Heard S, Moss F. How important are role models in making good doctors?. BMJ. 2002;325(7366):707–710
  56. Stern DT, Papadakis M. The developing physician–becoming a professional. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(17):1794–1799
  57. Jha V, Bekker HL, Duffy SR, Roberts TE. A systematic review of studies assessing and facilitating attitudes towards professionalism in medicine. Med Educ. 2007;41(8):822–829
  58. European Board of Rheumatology Educational Guide (draft). Available at URL: http://www.danskreumatologiskselskab.dk/sider/billeder/educational_guide2008.pdf2008;
  59. Lynch DC, Surdyk PM, Eiser AR. Assessing professionalism: a review of the literature. Med Teach. 2004;26(4):366–373

PII: S1521-6942(09)00028-X

doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2009.03.002

Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology
Volume 23, Issue 2 , Pages 127-144 , April 2009

Article Tools